富硒猕猴桃高产栽培技术

鲜嫩的果肉、独特的风味以及丰富的营养价值,使得猕猴桃被称为“维C之王”,微量元素硒对人体的健康至关重要。江苏北部自然资源丰富,适宜种植富硒猕猴桃,且临近上海等沿海经济带,有利于猕猴桃的保质保量运输和及时供应市场。本文主要分析了江苏北部地区优质猕猴桃的配套种植技术,从苗木的选择到高产措施,为高品质富硒猕猴桃的生产提供技术支持。     

热风干燥过程中山药水分状态的变化研究

为了解山药的水分赋存状态的变化，以襄阳道地山药为材料，分别在60、70、80、90、100 ℃条件下进行热风干燥，采用低场核磁共振（LF-NMR）和差式量热扫描（DSC）技术，每隔15 min测定山药在热风干燥过程中的水分状态及迁移规律。结果表明，在60~90 ℃条件下，温度越高，干基含水率的降速越快。山药的T2弛豫图谱有3个较为明显的吸收峰，随干燥进程的延续，各峰面积均明显减少，其中自由水所在峰的面积降幅最大，表明干燥过程中自由水散失最多，而且自由水逐渐向半结合水和结合水迁移，冷冻峰和解冻峰也随之变小。但在100 ℃下干燥时，样品可能因表面板结导致干基含水率、低场核磁吸收峰升高，冷冻和解冻峰面积增加。因此，在实际干燥过程中，山药的热风干燥温度不宜高至100 ℃。     

A genetic linkage map in southern‐by‐spring oat identifies multiple quantitative trait loci for adaptation and rust resistance

We developed 178 recombinant inbred lines from a southern‐by‐spring oat population designated as “TxH.” These lines were genotyped to generate a high‐quality linkage map that resolved 6,902 markers into 21 linkage groups that matched closely with the latest hexaploid oat consensus map. Three major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting heading date were found in locations that are consistent with known QTLs and candidate genes, and two other QTLs affecting heading date were found in novel locations. Five QTLs affecting plant height were found. Both sets of QTLs are responsible for transgressive segregation observed for these two traits. Four QTLs affecting resistance to crown rust, caused by the pathogen Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae, were identified. Two of these QTLs are consistent with known clusters of rust resistance genes, while two may represent new locations of novel rust resistance genes. A complete set of SNP sequences suitable for generating markers for molecular selection is provided.     

海贝柱自动晾晒设备设计

针对当前传统人工晾晒海贝柱效率低下、容易造成污染等问题。设计了海贝柱自动晾晒机械,采用阶梯式晾晒生产线对湿海贝柱分级晾晒,多条晾晒生产线分时、高效的工作,机器上方设有遮板以保证晾晒作业不被污染而且不受天气条件的影响。整机采用stm32单片机、传感器等技术实现自动化作业,机器控制系统监测到生产线发生故障或海贝柱出现堆积时会立即停止工作以便于检查故障、减少损失。试验结果表明:机械晾晒不会造成海贝柱内的营养成分的流失,机械晾晒海贝柱的干基含水率达到30%仅需12h,机械晾晒海贝柱能节省大量的干燥时间,显著的提高了晾晒效率,避免了人工晾晒过程导致的二次污染和损失。该研究为海贝柱自动晾晒机械的研制提供了技术参考。     

菜用加工兼用栗永荆3号选育

一般认为我国南方栗仅宜于菜用，加工极易开瓣和糊化，经过几年的筛选和加工试剂，永荆3号品种可生产B－E级标准的糖水栗子罐头。     

MENSURATION OF THE NORMAL PITUITARY GLAND FROM MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGES IN 96 DOGS

The pituitary gland was measured from transverse magnetic resonance T1-weighted images after Gadolinium administration in 96 dogs weighing from 13 to 45 kg. The measurements were done by hand with calipers. The mean (+/- standard deviation) pituitary gland height was 5.1 mm (+/-0.9 mm). The mean width was 6.4 mm (+/- 1.1 mm). The correlation coefficient between pituitary and brain measurements, between pituitary measurement and body weight, and brain measurements and body weight was 0.0 to 0.3. A hyperintense region was present on T1-weighted images in the center of the pituitary gland in 64% of the dogs. At necropsy the pituitary glands were grossly and histologically normal. No pituitary gland measurements were performed at necropsy.     

农业信息：传统与现代的耦合

近年来，国家投资建设大量信息基础设施，以保证农业信息能更好的被农户采用。而现实中，农户并不通过网络、电视和报刊等现代信息手段获得农业信息，相反，基于地缘和血缘的熟人网络和以盈利为目的的商人成了农业信息传播的主要媒介。在这种传播方式下，农户的利益常遭侵害，农业科技难以广泛有效的传播，甚至一些假信息让农户失去了对“科技”的信赖。针对目前存在的种种问题，笔者兼顾现实与未来，提出了相关对策。     

CO_2施肥对大棚油桃光合作用及产量品质的影响

棚内CO2 浓度日变化幅度远大于棚外 ;在天气晴好、光合旺盛、通风受阻时 ,棚内CO2 匮乏可成为光合作用的主要限制因子。在保护地条件下 ,油桃光合速率 (Pn)日变化由露地的双峰曲线变为三峰曲线 ,最大Pn比露地提前 2h ,在 8时左右出现 ;光合“午休”现象不明显 ;晴天棚内日平均Pn为 5 .97(CO2 ) μmol/m2 ·s,比露地降低17.2 5 %。棚内CO2 加富对油桃光合作用和产量、品质有重要影响 ,较大幅度地提高了上午 8时～ 12时之间的Pn和光能利用率 ,日平均Pn 6 .95 (CO2 ) μmol/m2 ·s ,比对照提高 2 5 .90 %。树体生长健壮 ,生物量 (未含果实 )增加 12 .4% ,比叶重增大 ,产量提高 19.80 % ,品质改善     

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FEATURES OF EQUINE NIGROPALLIDAL ENCEPHALOMALACIA

Magnetic resonance imaging (MR) was used to make a diagnosis of equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia in a horse. Equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia is a neurodegenerative disease that has many characteristics with Parkinson-like diseases in humans. Historically, horses were euthanized based on clinical signs and exposure to the toxic weed, yellow star thistle (Centaurea solstitialis). Previously, the disease has only been confirmed on necropsy. MR imaging can provide accurate and sensitive visualization of typical lesions seen in the brain of horses affected with equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia. Lesions were seen on T1-weighted, T2-weighted and proton density images. There was no contrast enhancement following Gd-DTPA administration. Lesions seen on MR were confirmed at necropsy. Using MR to confirm a diagnosis of equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia will prevent unnecessary suffering of horses and expense to owners that would otherwise incur, while further diagnostics are performed.     

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF CEREBRAL CORTICAL NECROSIS (POLIOENCEPHALOMALACIA) IN A DOG

A 3-year-old neutered female mixed breed dog was examined because of severe, generalized seizure activity, tetraparesis, and encephalopathic signs. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) evaluation was unremarkable except for a mild increase in protein. Serum and CSF titers for infectious diseases were negative. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging examination of the brain was performed and lesions were found within the cerebral gray matter of the temporal and parietal lobes. The lesions had increased signal intensity on T1, T2, and proton density-weighted images. There was mild inhomogeneous enhancement following intravenous contrast medium administration. Neurologic status improved and the seizures were well controlled, but the dog never regained normal mentation and euthanasia was performed 10 weeks after initial evaluation. At necropsy, severe cerebral cortical necrosis was found in the regions corresponding to the lesions seen on MR imaging examination. Large numbers of fat-containing macrophages (gitter cells) were found within these areas, and are thought to be responsible for the characteristic hyperintensity seen on the MR images.